2/16/2023 0 Comments Atomic model![]() Nuclear physicists are working on problems such as how protons and neutrons arrange inside a nucleus and what is the ultimate size of a nucleus. Today scientists are continuing the research on the atomic structure. Later, the establishment of quantum mechanics completely changed our understanding of the atomic world. Bohr’s model was a triumph of quantum theory in the early 20th century. With Bohr’s model, the emission spectrum of atomic hydrogen could be beautifully explained with very simple mathematical equations. In 1913, Bohr presented a revolutionary quantum atom based on Rutherford’s nucleus model and Planck’s quantum theory. In the early 20th century, many models of the internal atomic structure were proposed. The discovery of the electron at the end of the 19th century invalidated the indivisibility of Dalton’s atom. Later with the development of analytical chemistry, all atomic weight and chemical formula of compounds were determined. Dalton’s theory provided a clear microscopic explanation to Proust’s law of constant proportion, and it was quickly accepted by chemists. 3) The ratios of different atoms in compounds are simple numerical ratios, such 1 : 2 or 2 : 3. 2) All atoms of an element are the same, atoms of different elements are different, and the difference is in the weight of atom. In 1803, Dalton described his theory clearly in his notebook: 1) Chemical elements are composed of very small, indivisible atoms. ![]() ![]() In the early 19th century, Lavoisier’s theory of chemical elements and Proust’s law of constant proportion of chemical compounds set a foundation for Dalton’s atomic theory. However, from its inception by ancient Greek philosophers in the 5th century BC to its revival by scientists such as Boyle and Newton during the Renaissance, atomic theory seemed to be more relevant to philosophy and physics but not very useful to explain chemical properties of matter. The atomic theory has been around for a long time.
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